Dope.
ology
A topology of doping in European professional road cycling 1980-present
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Summary
People
Teams
Incidents
Products
Tweet
Statistics
762
people,
406
teams,
818
incidents,
74
products
Products
1980-present
Chart
Table
Prevalence of products in incidents
Products
Incidents
Non-negative / Undisclosed
245
Erythropoietin (EPO)
226
Testosterone
84
Human Growth Hormone (hGH)
83
Blood transfusion
68
Corticosteroid
47
Amphetamine
40
Out of competition
35
Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator (CERA)
32
Contractual violation
31
Nandrolone
30
Caffeine
28
Darbepoetin (NESP)
26
Cortisone
25
Clenbuterol
22
Missed test
20
Salbutamol
20
Unspecified steroids
20
Cocaine
19
Bio passport irregularities
18
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
17
Insulin
14
Ephedrine
11
Actovegin
9
Bromantane
9
Heroin
9
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
7
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
7
Carphedon
6
Oxyglobin
6
Lidocaine
5
Morphine
5
Norandrosterone
5
Tetracosactide
5
Intravenous colloids
4
Methylphenidate
4
Perfluorocarbon
4
Stanozolol
4
Triamcinolone acetonide
4
Bacillolysin
3
Betamethasone
3
Growth hormone releasing hormone
3
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT)
3
Hydroxyethyl starch
3
Methamphetamine
3
Methylhexanamine
3
Methyltestosterone
3
Synthetic haemoglobin
3
Amineptine
2
Clostebol
2
Codeine
2
Diazepam
2
Finasteride
2
Furosemide
2
Hashish
2
Heptaminol
2
Human serum albumin
2
Methadone
2
Probenecid
2
Sibutramine
2
Aminoimidazole Carboxamide Riboside (AICAR)
1
Clomifene
1
Dalteparin
1
Dexamethasone
1
Formoterol
1
Mannitol
1
Norephedrine
1
Norfenfluramine
1
Norpseudoephedrine
1
Salmeterol
1
Terbutaline
1
Thymosin beta-4 (TB-500)
1
Chart
Table
Product half-life
Product
First report
Most recent report
Amphetamine
1980
2010
Missed test
1980
2012
Testosterone
1981
2011
Methylphenidate
1982
1982
Nandrolone
1983
2009
Norephedrine
1985
1985
Non-negative / Undisclosed
1985
2012
Methamphetamine
1986
2008
Codeine
1987
1988
Ephedrine
1987
2010
Probenecid
1988
2002
Cortisone
1989
2009
Caffeine
1990
2010
Erythropoietin (EPO)
1990
2012
Amineptine
1992
1992
Contractual violation
1992
2011
Salbutamol
1993
2007
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
1993
2009
Clostebol
1994
2005
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
1995
2006
Bromantane
1997
1998
Lidocaine
1997
2005
Unspecified steroids
1997
2010
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
1997
2011
Clenbuterol
1997
2012
Dalteparin
1998
1998
Norandrosterone
1998
2006
Cocaine
1998
2010
Heroin
1998
2010
Insulin
1998
2010
Perfluorocarbon
1998
2010
Corticosteroid
1998
2011
Human Growth Hormone (hGH)
1998
2011
Intravenous colloids
1999
2002
Tetracosactide
1999
2008
Blood transfusion
1999
2012
Mannitol
2001
2001
Hashish
2001
2002
Triamcinolone acetonide
2001
2007
Out of competition
2001
2012
Morphine
2002
2005
Furosemide
2002
2008
Darbepoetin (NESP)
2002
2010
Oxyglobin
2003
2005
Growth hormone releasing hormone
2004
2004
Methadone
2004
2004
Betamethasone
2004
2005
Diazepam
2004
2005
Actovegin
2004
2007
Stanozolol
2004
2008
Synthetic haemoglobin
2004
2008
Clomifene
2005
2005
Norpseudoephedrine
2005
2005
Carphedon
2005
2009
Methyltestosterone
2005
2009
Salmeterol
2006
2006
Terbutaline
2006
2006
Heptaminol
2006
2008
Formoterol
2007
2007
Finasteride
2007
2009
Sibutramine
2007
2010
Dexamethasone
2008
2008
Bacillolysin
2008
2010
Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator (CERA)
2008
2011
Norfenfluramine
2009
2009
Methylhexanamine
2009
2010
Bio passport irregularities
2009
2011
Human serum albumin
2010
2010
Hydroxyethyl starch
2010
2011
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT)
2011
2012
Aminoimidazole Carboxamide Riboside (AICAR)
2012
2012
Thymosin beta-4 (TB-500)
2012
2012
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