Dope.
ology
A topology of doping in European professional road cycling 1980-present
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Summary
People
Teams
Incidents
Products
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Statistics
920
people,
446
teams,
1004
incidents,
85
products
Products
1980-present
Chart
Table
Prevalence of products in incidents
Products
Incidents
Undisclosed
317
Erythropoietin (EPO)
284
Testosterone
111
Human Growth Hormone (hGH)
110
Blood transfusion
92
Corticosteroid
59
Amphetamine
49
Nandrolone
45
Cortisone
44
Out of competition
39
Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator (CERA)
34
Contractual violation
33
Caffeine
32
Darbepoetin (NESP)
27
Cocaine
24
Clenbuterol
22
Missed test
22
Unspecified steroids
22
Bio passport irregularities
21
Salbutamol
20
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
19
Insulin
18
Actovegin
17
Ephedrine
12
Heroin
12
Tetracosactide
11
Bromantane
9
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
9
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
7
Oxyglobin
7
Carphedon
6
Betamethasone
5
Lidocaine
5
Morphine
5
Norandrosterone
5
Triamcinolone acetonide
5
Intravenous colloids
4
Methylphenidate
4
Norephedrine
4
Perfluorocarbon
4
Stanozolol
4
Amineptine
3
Bacillolysin
3
Growth hormone releasing hormone
3
Heptaminol
3
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT)
3
Hydroxyethyl starch
3
Methamphetamine
3
Methylhexanamine
3
Methyltestosterone
3
Probenecid
3
Synthetic haemoglobin
3
Aminoimidazole Carboxamide Riboside (AICAR)
2
Clostebol
2
Codeine
2
Diazepam
2
Endurobol (GW-501516)
2
Finasteride
2
Furosemide
2
Hashish
2
Human serum albumin
2
Methadone
2
Micorene Prethcamide
2
Norpseudoephedrine
2
Pemoline
2
Sibutramine
2
Androstenedione
1
Cannabis
1
Clomifene
1
Dalteparin
1
Dexamethasone
1
Fenoterol
1
Formoterol
1
Mannitol
1
Mazindol
1
Metenolone
1
Norfenfluramine
1
Ornithine
1
Salmeterol
1
Strychnine
1
Terbutaline
1
Thymosin beta-4 (TB-500)
1
Xipamide
1
Chart
Table
Product half-life
Product
First report
Most recent report
Amphetamine
1980
2012
Missed test
1980
2012
Undisclosed
1980
2013
Testosterone
1981
2013
Methylphenidate
1982
1982
Micorene Prethcamide
1983
1983
Strychnine
1983
1983
Nandrolone
1983
2010
Norephedrine
1984
1987
Ephedrine
1984
2010
Methamphetamine
1986
2008
Metenolone
1987
1987
Codeine
1987
1988
Probenecid
1988
2012
Corticosteroid
1988
2013
Mazindol
1989
1989
Pemoline
1989
1989
Cortisone
1989
2013
Caffeine
1990
2010
Erythropoietin (EPO)
1990
2013
Cocaine
1991
2012
Amineptine
1992
1992
Contractual violation
1992
2013
Norpseudoephedrine
1993
2005
Salbutamol
1993
2007
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
1993
2013
Clostebol
1994
2005
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
1995
2006
Bromantane
1997
1998
Lidocaine
1997
2005
Unspecified steroids
1997
2010
Clenbuterol
1997
2012
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
1997
2013
Cannabis
1998
1998
Dalteparin
1998
1998
Norandrosterone
1998
2006
Heroin
1998
2010
Perfluorocarbon
1998
2010
Human Growth Hormone (hGH)
1998
2013
Insulin
1998
2013
Ornithine
1999
1999
Intravenous colloids
1999
2002
Triamcinolone acetonide
1999
2007
Tetracosactide
1999
2012
Betamethasone
1999
2013
Blood transfusion
1999
2013
Actovegin
2000
2013
Mannitol
2001
2001
Hashish
2001
2002
Out of competition
2001
2013
Morphine
2002
2005
Furosemide
2002
2008
Darbepoetin (NESP)
2002
2010
Oxyglobin
2003
2013
Growth hormone releasing hormone
2004
2004
Methadone
2004
2004
Diazepam
2004
2005
Stanozolol
2004
2008
Synthetic haemoglobin
2004
2008
Clomifene
2005
2005
Carphedon
2005
2009
Methyltestosterone
2005
2009
Salmeterol
2006
2006
Terbutaline
2006
2006
Heptaminol
2006
2013
Formoterol
2007
2007
Finasteride
2007
2009
Sibutramine
2007
2010
Dexamethasone
2008
2008
Bacillolysin
2008
2010
Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator (CERA)
2008
2013
Norfenfluramine
2009
2009
Methylhexanamine
2009
2010
Bio passport irregularities
2009
2013
Human serum albumin
2010
2010
Hydroxyethyl starch
2010
2011
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT)
2011
2012
Androstenedione
2012
2012
Thymosin beta-4 (TB-500)
2012
2012
Xipamide
2012
2012
Aminoimidazole Carboxamide Riboside (AICAR)
2012
2013
Endurobol (GW-501516)
2013
2013
Fenoterol
2013
2013
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